Pedunculopontine Nucleus Cholinergic Deficiency in Cervical Dystonia
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چکیده
منابع مشابه
Ketamine-Induced Prefrontal Serotonin Release Is Mediated by Cholinergic Neurons in the Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus
Background Ketamine rapidly elicits antidepressive effects in humans and mice in which serotonergic activity is involved. Although α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α4β2 nAChR) in the dorsal raphe nucleus plays a key role in the ketamine-induced prefrontal serotonin release, the source of cholinergic afferents, and its role is unclear. Methods Prefrontal serotonin levels after ketamine i...
متن کاملInduction of long-lasting depolarization in medioventral medulla neurons by cholinergic input from the pedunculopontine nucleus.
Stimulation of the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) is known to induce changes in arousal and postural/locomotor states by activation of such descending targets as the caudal pons and the medioventral medulla (MED). Previously, PPN stimulation was reported to induce prolonged responses (PRs) in intracellularly recorded caudal pontine neurons in vitro. The present study used intracellular recordin...
متن کاملThe pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus: a second cholinergic source for frequency-specific auditory plasticity.
Cholinergic modulation is essential for many brain functions and is an indispensable component of the prevalent models attempting to understand the neural mechanism responsible for learning-induced auditory plasticity. Unlike the cholinergic basal forebrain, the cholinergic pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTg) has received little attention. This study was designed to confirm whether the PP...
متن کاملAtaxia with Vitamin E Deficiency May Present with Cervical Dystonia
BACKGROUND Ataxia with vitamin E deficiency (AVED) is an autosomal recessive disorder that usually presents with ataxia, areflexia, and proprioceptive and vibratory sensory loss. Dystonia has been reported rarely. CASE REPORT An 11-year-old female presented with dystonic head tremor and cervical and bilateral arm dystonia. Her 14-year-old older brother had dystonic head tremor and generalized...
متن کاملCholinergic and endocannabinoid neuromodulatory effects overlap on neurons of the pedunculopontine nucleus of mice.
The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) is a part of the reticular activating system and one of the main sources of the cholinergic fibers in the midbrain, while it is also subject to cholinergic modulation. This nucleus is known to be a structure that controls sleep-wake cycles, arousal, and locomotion. Neurons of the PPN are targets of several neuromodulatory mechanisms, which elicit heterogeneous...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Movement Disorders
سال: 2018
ISSN: 0885-3185
DOI: 10.1002/mds.27358